In the summer of 2026, the “European Green Deal” will drive the transition to a mandatory circular economy. Key pillars of the EU Ecodesign Regulation (ESPR) will replace the previous throwaway model with sustainable product labeling.
Current Situation and Timeline
Since June 20, 2025, smartphones and tablets have carried a physical EU energy label with a repairability class (A to E).
By July 31, 2026, member states will transpose the European Right to Repair Directive into national law.
At the same time, the infrastructure for the Digital Product Passport (DPP) will be launched, which will gradually become mandatory.
The Repairability Index (Scale A to E)
The index combats planned obsolescence and simplifies repairs based on four criteria:
- Easy disassembly: Housing components must be separable without damage using standard tools.
- Spare part availability: Manufacturers must keep core components in stock for a minimum period.
- Access to information: Technical repair manuals must be freely accessible.
- Price transparency: Consumers can immediately recognize the risk of a total economic loss.
The Durability and Reliability Index
This rating assesses durability to help prevent the need for repairs:
- Physical durability: Proof of resilience through standardized drop and scratch tests.
- Environmental protection: Transparent IP certification for dust and water resistance.
- Battery longevity: Mandatory capacity of at least 80% after 800 charge cycles.
- Software support: Mandatory security and functional updates for at least 5 years.
Why these measures are effective
The index is not a voluntary label, but is linked to the strict minimum requirements of the EU Ecodesign Regulation.
This regulation strictly governs market access: Products that fail to meet the legal requirements are not approved for the EU market in the first place.
Through these direct design requirements, the regulations significantly reduce resource consumption and electronic waste. In addition to maximum transparency, the EU aims to extend product lifespans. The European Commission forecasts that this will result in total savings of around 20 billion euros for citizens by 2030.
Implications for Market Participants
- Manufacturers: Obligation to adopt modular eco-design. Spare parts must be available for at least 7 years for smartphones and up to 10 years for large household appliances.
- Retailers: Expanded information requirements in stores. If a customer chooses repair over a replacement unit, the statutory warranty is extended by 12 months.
- End consumers: Quick guidance on durability, battery efficiency, and repairability before purchase.
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