The numbers speak for themselves: 15.7 million e-bikes were on German roads in 2024 – a massive increase compared to the 2.1 million in 2014. With a market share of 53%, more e-bikes were sold than traditional bicycles once again.
But along with this boom comes a safety risk: the lithium-ion battery.
Why is the battery dangerous?
The heart of the e-bike can trigger a “thermal runaway” if it malfunctions. This chemical chain reaction leads to fires with temperatures exceeding 1,000 °C.
Such fires release oxygen themselves, making them extremely difficult to extinguish. Additionally, highly toxic gases (e.g., hydrofluoric acid) are produced.
The causes: Mechanical damage (crashes), deep discharge, or the use of low-quality chargers are often the triggers. A battery can still “explode” days after an impact.
Prevention: Safe handling of the battery
- Storage: Ideal at 10-20 °C and a charge level of 30-60% (especially in winter).
- Never charge or use defective batteries if they are deformed, swollen, or damaged.
- Charge during the day and on a non-flammable surface.
- Avoid extreme heat (e.g., direct sunlight inside a car).
- Accessories: Use only original or manufacturer-certified chargers.
- Inspection: Perform regular visual inspections for cracks, discoloration, or leaking fluid.
Proper disposal
- Return to a bicycle dealer (legally required to accept)
- Return to municipal recycling and waste collection centers (legally required to accept)
- Return to electronics stores and home improvement stores
- ⚠️ Before returning, be sure to: Cover the terminals with tape – this prevents short circuits during transport and in the collection box
- ❌ Never dispose of in household trash – lithium batteries cause devastating fires in garbage trucks and sorting facilities
Conclusion
The e-bike boom requires proper handling of lithium-ion batteries to minimize the risk of thermal runaway. Preventive care during handling and strict separation from household waste are essential for safety. The legally mandated return process through specialty retailers or recycling centers ensures fire safety and environmentally sound recycling of raw materials.
Contact us for comprehensive advice on your compliance issues relating to electrical and electronic equipment, packaging, batteries, and PV panels.
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